Which amendment states that all rights not enumerated are retained by the people?

The amendment that states that all rights not enumerated in the Constitution are retained by the people is the Ninth Amendment. This provision emphasizes that the rights of individuals are not limited to just those explicitly listed in the Constitution. The framers intended to ensure that the enumeration of specific rights would not be construed to deny or disparage other rights that individuals may possess. This is particularly important because it reflects the understanding that human rights are extensive and not confined to a specific list.

The Ninth Amendment serves to protect individual liberty by affirming the principle that just because certain rights are not explicitly mentioned does not mean they do not exist or are any less important. This allows for the recognition and protection of rights that may develop or change over time, aligning with the evolving nature of society and individual freedoms.